The history of cans

In 1940, Europe and the United States began selling beer in stainless steel cans. At the same time, the appearance of aluminum cans became a leap in can making technology. In 1963, the cans were invented in the United States. It inherited the can shape design features of the past and designed a pull ring at the top. This was a revolution in the way it was turned on. It brought great convenience and enjoyment to people, and it was quickly applied. By 1980, the European and American markets basically all used this aluminum can as a packaging form for beer and carbonated drinks. With advances in design and production technology, aluminum cans have become lighter, from the initial 60 grams to 21 to 15 grams in 1970.

The use of cans by other countries A situation of market demand The supply and demand in North America tends to stabilize After entering the 1990s, the supply and demand of North American cans continued to expand, and by the end of the 1990s, supply and demand had stabilized and the growth rate was slow. At present, there are 169 cans production lines in North America, with an average production line speed of 1,522 cans per minute, annual total production capacity of about 109 billion, and market demand of about 107 billion. It is predicted that the number of can production lines will decline after the survival of the fittest in 2004. There are about 157 left,
The line speed will increase to 1,630 cans/minute. The current capacity of Cuban cans is 300 million, and the annual demand is 230 million. According to expert predictions, the North American supply and demand market has generally grown at a small rate and has stabilized, but it will increase in new pot shapes such as 700ml and 250ml for functional beverages. US demand for cans in recent years Unit: Billion years 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Demand 1010 982 991 1007 1020 1040 1070
Europe's supply and demand booming Europe's total demand for beverage cans reached 35.5 billion in 2000 and reached 18 in the first half of 2001
100 million, an increase of 5% compared to the same period of last year, mainly due to a 6% increase in demand for beverages and beer growth
5%, boosted the demand for beverage cans.
In 2000, the fastest growth rate in Germany reached 3.7 billion, leading the European leader in the United Kingdom, the United Kingdom's growth of about 30 million, Spain and Portugal's growth rate of 10%, a total increase of 26
Billion only. Demand for Spanish beverage cans has grown fastest in the UK and Germany, with total demand reaching 5 last year
200 million, is expected to continue to grow. Miessa is the largest canning company in Spain. With 1999 sales of 155 million U.S. dollars, sales have grown strongly in recent years. In 1991, this tank factory was sold. The amount is only 45 million US dollars. As tankers are optimistic about the market demand in Spain and Portugal, the United States Guantian Group is building a can production line in Spain and using tinplate materials to produce 330ml beverage cans.
With an annual output of 750 million, it is expected to start production in 2002.
Poland’s demand for metal packaging containers continues to increase. It is expected that the amount of metal materials used for packaging will reach 3.4 million tons by 2004. CANPAK canneries has three production lines in Poland, with an annual production capacity of more than 1.8 billion, and The three easy-to-open lid production lines for the production of 202, 206 specifications are easy to open. Currently, two production lines for 500ml aluminum cans are under construction. The initial production capacity is 600 million pieces per year. After that, it is planned to increase the stretching machine to increase the production capacity to 850 million pieces. If the demand continues to grow, it will be on two lines.
Australia's demand for cans increased by 2000 due to the popularity of 250ml Red Bull functional beverages.
0%, a total of 1 billion. According to experts, European demand for cans will remain at 4% for some time to come.
~ 5% increase.
South American production easing problem
In the mid-1990s, the demand for cans in South America showed great potential, which promoted the rapid development of the can industry, with a total production capacity of 30 billion. With the continuous expansion of can production capacity, the production capacity in the late 1990s was over 30%. With the continuous increase in demand, the current excess capacity has shrunk to 21.6%.
It is expected to shrink to about 10.5% in 2004.
Brazil is the largest beverage and beer consumption market in South America, and it is also the region where the demand for packaging containers has grown most strongly.
The annual consumption of aluminum cans is 9 billion, and the annual consumption of aluminum is 125,000 tons, 65% of which is used for beer packaging.
The rest are used for beverages. There are 8 tank factories and 3 easy-opening plants. It is expected that the demand will increase by 5% in the future. In addition, in terms of steel packaging containers, annual consumption of nearly 700,000 tons of tinplate, per capita consumption of about 4kg, of which 6
5% for food packaging, 6% for can lid production, and the rest for chemical and other packaging.
The demand for cans in Mexico is second only to Brazil, with an annual production capacity of 7 billion, and will soon reach 9
One hundred million. Demand has steadily increased in recent years.
Demand for packaging containers in Mexico Unit: 100 million
1997 1998 1999
Aluminum 59 65 68
Steel 33.6 36.3 40
Second-class production dominates Rexam, the UK-based headquarter, is the world's number one beverage packaging container manufacturer with an annual output exceeding 40 billion. In 2000, the Group’s total sales increased by 17% compared to 1999, and its profit increased by 18%. . Compared with 1999, the main surface of cans and packaging containers soared by 95%. The reason for the sharp increase in profits of cans was that in July 2000, the company purchased a large-scale can plant in the United States—a national can-making company.
The tank factory exclusively provides 250ml cans for Australian Red Bull functional drinks. The cost of the cans is 33%.
0ml is low while the sales price is higher. The company also has factories in the suburbs of Russia in 1999 and 2
In 2000, sales increased by about 50%.
In order to obtain the EU's recognition of Rexam's acquisition of a national can-making company, the company reorganized the group's tank factories and transferred them to some tank factories in the UK, Germany, and France, but it is still the world's No. 1 beverage packaging container manufacturer.
The European can market has a 40% market share. With a total of 144 factories worldwide, beverage cans account for 75% of total annual sales.
Crown and Boer are the world's larger canning groups. Crown Group has 223 factories in 50 countries, one in every five drink cans from the crown, and three food cans in North America and Europe. There is one from the crown.
Bol's total annual production capacity in North America is about 35 billion, and it has a 35% market share of aluminum two-piece cans in the United States. Kurz is a large American breweries, with an annual output of 4.5 billion cans and caps for the company's beer packaging. In order to reduce the cost of can packaging, the Kurz canning factory part and Boer joint venture, so that the tank industry specialization.
These grouped manufacturers have strong competitive advantages, and they have strong advantages in terms of technological advancement, procurement of raw and auxiliary materials, and replacement of equipment to reduce product costs.
There are two types of materials that can be used to make aluminum cans from three-metal materials: one is aluminum and the other is tinplate. The consumption of aluminum metal materials used in packaging containers in the United States reached 1,992,200 tons in 1998, an increase of 2.24% over 1997, becoming the second largest consumer market, accounting for 21.6% of the annual aluminum consumption. In the United States, aluminum can be used as the material for cans. About 40% of aluminum plates are used for cans in the production of cans each year. About 14% of European aluminum metal materials are used in beverage production. Because of the high value of recycling and reuse of aluminum metals, due to considerations of environmental protection, a large amount of aluminum has been turned to aluminum. 63% of the cans produced in 1999 were used. Aluminum,
Increased by 2% over 1998. In 2000, it was 9% higher than in 1999, and in the United Kingdom in 1999 it was 6
6%, 6% increase in 2000, Finland, Switzerland, Greece, Italy, Poland and other tank market began to tend to adopt 100% aluminum, Germany is 10%, France, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands about 30%.
Since the cost of steel cans is approximately seven-thousandths of a dollar less than that of aluminum cans, steel cans dominate beverage packaging markets in South America.
But with the improvement of environmental awareness. As well as considering the recycling of resources, packaging aluminum gradually replaces steel. The current rate of adoption in Brazil is 65% and will increase by 10% in the next two years. In the field of spray cans, steel has dominated in the past, and since 2000, many products have been turned to aluminum, with a growth rate of 2
% to 3%, with the application of stretching technology in the production of spray cans, aluminum spray can gradually occupy the market.
Fourth, pay attention to the recovery of aluminum in the packaging industry, strong opponents from the PET material, PET material can be made of a strange appearance through the injection mold, and aluminum is relatively difficult, but the price of the two kinds of materials is very different, PET by oil prices Impact, while aluminum can be recycled through its own recycling, reducing material costs, and is valued by environmental organizations.
In recent years, Europe and the United States and some of the regions where cans are actively consumed have continuously increased the recycling rate of aluminum cans and aluminum packaging materials. Countries that have started earlier in recycling have ceased to dispute the value of waste aluminum cans recycling, and have become routine tasks. The countries that started late are working very hard. The United States is the country with the highest rate of recovery for this project. Germany and Holland played a leading role in Europe. Mexico promotes 100% recovery.
In recent years, the US waste cans recycling rate %
Year 1997 1998 1999 2000
Recovery rate 60 56 57.9 62.5
1999 US Aluminium Scrap and Steel Packaging Container Recovery Units: 10,000 tons Consumer Recovery Recovery Aluminium Packaging 232 134.2 57.9%
Steel Packing 235 137.68 58.6%
Environmentalists believe that aluminum cans are more environmentally friendly than other packaging containers. In terms of their containers, repeated recycling reduces environmental pollution; in terms of the materials used, repeated use of aluminum materials saves resources and maintains the global environment. Other packaging containers such as plastics and PET materials, which are prevalent in general, are all derived from petroleum. The continuous exploitation of petroleum will cause the exhaustion of resources.
The recycling rate of steel packaging containers in some countries in 1999
Country United States Japan Germany Netherlands Italy United Kingdom Australia Recovery 58.6 82.9 80 75 10 30 73
Note: 1 The total level of steel packaging recycling in Europe is 47%.
2 In 1998, the aluminum can recycling rate in Japan was 74.4%, and 79% was used again in the manufacture of aluminum cans.
V. Continuous technological improvement and asset restructuring In order to maintain the dominant position of cans in beverages and beer packaging, the can industry continued to carry out technological transformation.
Reducing costs and improving appearance have become the main theme. In order to reduce costs even more, the US Crown Group has developed an aluminum easy-opening cover called “Super Cover”. And to the market. It is said that this product can save 10% of the material compared with the original product. At present, the annual production capacity of this product is 1.8 billion, and it is accelerating the expansion of production plans to meet the demand. In the near future, it will achieve an annual production capacity of 7 billion. In addition, the company also developed self-cooled cans that use eco-friendly refrigeration materials. The first batch was put on the market with 35 million. This self-cooled can achieve a beverage temperature drop of 15°C in less than three minutes after pulling the pull ring.
In terms of reducing the thickness of materials used, North America has changed from the 204-gauge can to the 202 gauge. The thickness of the aluminum material used has been reduced to 0.259 mm, and the steel material is 0.22 mm.
For the control of the amount of ink in the metal color printing, the density method is used to eliminate the difference in perception and intention of different observers on the same pattern color, and the effect of sufficient light on the color judgment can be used to quantitatively analyze the ink content in the color. The cost of embossing and different shapes of the process performed to improve the appearance of the can is also effectively controlled.
Pick up cans of lifelike figures and animal designs from the crown of the world's metal packaging containers in 2001.
Can see the results of metal color printing technology and the direction of change.
Some of the larger international can industry groups, as well as can manufacturing equipment mold manufacturers, have been reorganizing their assets in recent years to more effectively control costs.
Six domestic cans are still struggling The domestic can industry began in the early 1980s. Although there are only two decades of history, it has gone through three crises. For the first time in the context of the implementation of the monetary tightening policy in 1988, domestic public opinion circles conducted fierce debates on whether the production and consumption of cans conformed to the national conditions. At the time, cans were regarded as high-spending and cultivating winds. At the same time, the state increased the import tariffs on raw and auxiliary materials from 20% to 40%, and production companies faced the test of life and death. The second crisis occurred in June 1989. Due to well-known reasons, the national beverage market plummeted and the can industry became in trouble. The third time was the "exchange rate disturbance." After entering the 1990s, the domestic can industry developed rapidly, the original tank factory expanded, and the number of newly built plants increased, which led to an annual production capacity of 10 billion. However, due to the continuous failure to effectively break through the demand, the overproduction resulted in the fourth time. crisis.
In recent years, domestic demand for cans has always remained between 6 billion and 7 billion. Therefore, domestic tank manufacturers have still not been able to get out of trouble. This aspect is the impact of the country’s traditional consumption habits and consumption levels. Glass bottles still dominate beer packaging. On the other hand, cans are no longer regarded as high-consumption products or fashion consumption, but because they have a certain economic level of consumer prices, it is difficult to become a mass consumer to replace glass bottles. As in Germany, cans have gradually replaced beer bottles in recent years. package. Moreover, at present, most of the tank industry is in a difficult position, and affected by the relevant industries, the tank factory must invest a large sum of money to carry out substantial technological transformation to reduce costs, so that the overall price level is reduced to promote consumption. With the increase of market competition, the law of survival and the elimination of the inferior will surely be demonstrated in the domestic tank industry. The domestic tank industry will certainly take the path of foreign tank industry development to carry out technological transformation and reorganization of assets for development. According to expert predictions, by 2005 China's aluminum metal consumption for packaging will reach 900,000 tons, accounting for approximately 14.3% of total aluminum metal consumption. With the continuous growth of the national economy, the improvement of people’s living standards and the importance attached to environmental protection, domestic cans will usher in a bright future after the fourth crisis.
In short, the development of the can industry is closely related to the level of economic development in the region. Economic development promotes awareness of environmental protection and promotes the recycling of effective resources, thereby forming a virtuous circle.

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